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Antibiotic: Revised or new topics

December 2025 release

Bone and joint infections other than osteomyelitis and native joint septic arthritis
  • Infection of fracture fixation devices
Perinatal infections
  • Prophylaxis for preterm prelabour rupture of membranes
  • Prevention of neonatal Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus) disease
  • Intra-amniotic infection (chorioamnionitis)
  • Prophylaxis for repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries
  • Postpartum endometritis
  • Neonatal herpes simplex infection
  • Septic abortion
Surgical prophylaxis
  • Principles of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis
  • Surgical prophylaxis for abdominal procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for assisted reproductive technology and infertility diagnostic procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for breast procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for burns surgery
  • Surgical prophylaxis for cardiac surgical procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for cardiac implantable electronic device insertion
  • Surgical prophylaxis for ear, nose and throat procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for emergency exploratory laparotomy (new topic)
  • Surgical prophylaxis for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for gynaecological procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for head and neck procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for neurosurgery
  • Surgical prophylaxis for obstetric procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for ophthalmic procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for oral maxillofacial surgery
  • Surgical prophylaxis for orthopaedic procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for skin and soft tissue procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for spinal surgery procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for thoracic surgery procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for urological procedures
  • Surgical prophylaxis for vascular procedures
Prevention of infection
  • Prophylaxis for medicinal leech therapy
Skin and soft tissue infections
  • Lactational mastitis
  • Surgical site infections
Traumatic wounds
  • Management of traumatic wounds (new topic)
  • Bite wounds, including clenched-fist injuries
  • Open fractures
  • Traumatic wound infections
  • Water-immersed wound infections
  • Pre-emptive treatment following a penetrating eye injury

September 2025 release

The Prevention of infective endocarditis topic has been completely revised for the September 2025 release.

March 2025 release

Topics that have been completely revised or newly developed for the March 2025 release:
 
Osteomyelitis
  • Principles of managing osteomyelitis
  • Long-bone osteomyelitis in adults
  • Mandibular osteomyelitis in adults and children
  • Osteomyelitis complicating sacral pressure ulcers in adults (new topic)
  • Sternal osteomyelitis complicating median sternotomy in adults (new topic)
  • Vertebral osteomyelitis in adults
  • Osteomyelitis in children
Septic arthritis of a native joint
  • Principles of managing native joint septic arthritis
  • Empirical therapy for native joint septic arthritis
  • Postprocedural infections of the shoulder
Bone and joint infections other than osteomyelitis and native joint septic arthritis
  • Septic bursitis
  • Bone and joint infections of the hand (new topic)
  • Iliopsoas abscess (new topic)
  • Spinal epidural abscess
Sepsis or septic shock associated with a bone or joint source

Directed therapy for native bone or joint infection
  • Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) native bone or joint infection
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) native bone or joint infection
  • Kingella kingae native bone or joint infection
  • Native bone or joint infection caused by other pathogens
Infective endocarditis
  • Principles of managing infective endocarditis
  • Empirical therapy for infective endocarditis
  • Staphylococcal endocarditis
  • Streptococcal endocarditis
  • Enterococcal endocarditis
  • Endocarditis caused by the HACEK group
  • Endocarditis caused by Abiotrophia and Granulicatella species
  • Endocarditis caused by other organisms
  • Culture-negative endocarditis
Cardiovascular system infections other than endocarditis
  • Cardiac implantable electronic device infections
  • Infected aneurysms
  • Infections associated with intravenous catheters
  • Vascular graft and stent infections
  • Septic jugular thrombophlebitis (new topic)
Central nervous system infections
  • Clinical presentation and initial management of meningitis
  • Meningitis in adults and children 2 months or older
  • Meningitis in neonates and children younger than 2 months
  • Directed therapy for meningitis
  • Brain abscess and subdural empyema
  • Encephalitis
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Cryptococcosis

Infectious diarrhoea
  • Assessment of infectious diarrhoea
  • Management of infectious diarrhoea
  • Travellers’ diarrhoea
  • Outbreaks of diarrhoea in residential aged-care facilities
  • Blastocystis species carriage
  • Campylobacter enteritis
  • Clostridioides difficile infection
  • Cryptosporidium species infection (cryptosporidiosis)
  • Cyclospora cayetanensis infection (cyclosporiasis)
  • Cystoisospora belli infection (cystoisosporiasis)
  • Dientamoeba fragilis carriage
  • Entamoeba histolytica infection (amoebiasis)
  • Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli enteritis
  • Giardia duodenalis infection (giardiasis)
  • Microsporidial infection
  • Salmonella enteritis
  • Shigella enteritis (shigellosis)
  • Vibrio cholerae infection (cholera)
  • Noncholera Vibrio species causing enteritis
  • Yersinia enterocolitis
  • Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea
Ear, nose and throat infections
  • Cervical lymphadenitis
  • Acute epiglottitis
  • Epstein–Barr virus infection
  • Acute laryngitis
  • Acute mastoiditis in children
  • Otitis externa
  • Otitis media
  • Peritonsillar abscess and cellulitis
  • Pertussis
  • Retropharyngeal abscess
  • Acute rhinosinusitis
  • Oral and oropharyngeal infection caused by Candida and related species
  • Angular cheilitis
Eye infections
  • Blepharitis
  • Chalazion (meibomian cyst) and hordeolum (stye)
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Corneal abrasion and foreign bodies
  • Dacryocystitis
  • Endophthalmitis
  • Epiphora
  • Infectious keratitis
  • Periorbital (preseptal) and orbital (postseptal) cellulitis
Genital and sexually transmitted infections
  • Principles of sexually transmissible infection (STI) management
  • Postexposure prophylaxis against STIs (new topic)
  • Adult sexual assault
  • Approach to Chlamydia trachomatis infection
  • Approach to Mycoplasma genitalium infection
  • Approach to Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection
  • Approach to trichomoniasis
  • Cervicitis
  • Epididymo-orchitis
  • Genital itch
  • Genital ulcer disease
  • Genital herpes
  • Genital warts (human papillomavirus infection)
  • Pelvic actinomycosis
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Postprocedural pelvic infection
  • Infective proctitis
  • Syphilis
  • Urethritis
  • Prepubertal vulvovaginitis
  • Vulvovaginitis caused by Candida and related species in adults
  • Bacterial vaginosis in adults
Human immunodeficiency virus
  • Principles of managing HIV infection
  • Initial antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults
  • HIV infection in pregnancy
  • Neonatal antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis against HIV
  • Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against HIV
Intra-abdominal infections
  • Approach to managing intra-abdominal infections
  • Acute appendicitis
  • Acute cholangitis
  • Acute cholecystitis
  • Acute infected pancreatitis
  • Diverticulitis
  • Peritonitis due to perforated viscus
  • Sepsis and septic shock from a biliary or gastrointestinal tract source
  • Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
  • Peritonitis complicating peritoneal dialysis
  • Liver abscess
  • Necrotising enterocolitis in neonates (new topic)
Mediastinitis

Mpox (monkeypox)

Parasitic infections
  • Gastrointestinal protozoal parasites
Prevention of infection
  • Clearance antibiotics for invasive meningococcal or Hib disease
  • Prevention of infection in patients with asplenia or hyposplenism
  • Postexposure prophylaxis against bloodborne viruses
  • Prevention of infection in patients with cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding
  • Prevention of invasive group A streptococcal infection
  • Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (new topic)
Pneumonia
  • Finding the right pneumonia topic in these guidelines
  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults
  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children 2 months or older
  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in term neonates and children younger than 2 months
  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in residents of an aged-care facility
  • Hospital-acquired pneumonia
  • Ventilator-associated pneumonia
  • Aspiration pneumonia
Directed therapy for pneumonia
  • Directed therapy for pneumoniae
  • Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia in adults
  • Enterobacterales pneumonia
  • Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia
  • Legionella pneumonia in adults
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia or Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) species pneumonia
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia
  • Staphylococcus aureus (staphylococcal) pneumonia
  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal) pneumonia
  • Overview of fungal pneumonia
  • Aspergillosis
  • Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP)
Respiratory tract infections other than pneumonia
  • Antibiotic management of bronchiectasis in adults
  • Antibiotic management of bronchiectasis in children (new topic)
  • Acute bronchitis
  • Protracted bacterial bronchitis in children
  • Antibiotic management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations
  • Influenza
  • Lung abscess
  • Parapneumonic effusion and thoracic empyema
Salivary gland infections

Sepsis and septic shock: Identification and initial management
  • Principles of managing sepsis and septic shock
  • Identifying sepsis or septic shock
Sepsis and septic shock: Empirical regimens
  • Choice of empirical antibiotic regimen for sepsis or septic shock
  • Community-acquired sepsis or septic shock of unknown source in adults
  • Hospital-acquired sepsis or septic shock of unknown source in adults
  • Community-acquired sepsis or septic shock of unknown source in children 2 months or older
  • Hospital-acquired sepsis or septic shock of unknown source in children 2 months or older
  • Sepsis or septic shock of unknown source in neonates and children younger than 2 months
Directed therapy for bloodstream infections, including sepsis and septic shock
  • Modifying empirical therapy for bloodstream infections when the pathogen is identified
  • Candidaemia (including Candida and related species sepsis)
  • Enterobacterales (including E. coli and K. pneumoniae) bloodstream infections, including sepsis and septic shock
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections, including sepsis and septic shock
  • Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia, including sepsis and septic shock
  • Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus) bloodstream infections, including sepsis and septic shock (new topic)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal) bloodstream infections, including sepsis and septic shock
  • Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus) bloodstream infections, including sepsis, septic shock and toxic shock syndrome
  • Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers (Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A, B and C infection)
Skin and soft tissue infections
  • Boils and carbuncles
  • Cellulitis and erysipelas
  • Chickenpox (varicella)
  • Infections of chronic ulcers and wounds
  • Infections of diabetes-related foot ulcers
  • Impetigo
  • Necrotising skin and soft tissue infections
  • Recurrent staphylococcal skin infection
  • Shingles (herpes zoster)
  • Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Urinary tract infections in adults
  • Antibiotic choice for urinary tract infection (UTI) in adults
  • Acute cystitis in adults
  • Acute pyelonephritis in adults
  • Sepsis and septic shock from a urinary tract source in adults
  • Treatment and prevention of recurrent UTI in nonpregnant adults
  • Urinary tract infection and bacteriuria in pregnancy
  • Urinary tract infection in residents of an aged-care facility
  • Asymptomatic bacteriuria in nonpregnant adults
  • Catheter-associated bacteriuria and UTI in adults
  • Bacteriuria and UTI in adults with urinary stents
  • Candiduria and UTI caused by Candida and related species in adults
  • Acute bacterial prostatitis
  • Chronic bacterial prostatitis
Urinary tract infections in children
  • Overview of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children
  • Urinary tract infection in neonates and children younger than 3 months (new topic)
  • Acute cystitis in children
  • Acute pyelonephritis in children
  • Sepsis and septic shock from a urinary tract source in children
  • Prevention of UTI in children
  • Catheter-associated bacteriuria and UTI in children
  • Candiduria and UTI caused by Candida and related species in children
Identifying resistant pathogens or Candida species
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
  • Managing suspected infection with a multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterium (new topic)
  • Empirical treatment for invasive Candida infection (new topic)
Principles of obtaining blood for culture (new topic)

Principles of antimicrobial use
  • Principles of appropriate antimicrobial prescribing
  • Antimicrobial resistance
  • Interpreting microbiological testing results (new topic)
Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS)

Practical information on using antimicrobial drugs
  • Practical information on using antibacterial drugs
  • Practical information on using antifungal drugs
  • Practical information on using anthelmintic drugs
  • Practical information on using antimycobacterial drugs
  • Practical information on using antiprotozoal drugs
  • Practical information on using antiviral drugs
  • Practical information on using beta lactams
Principles of aminoglycoside use
  • Principles of aminoglycoside use
  • Aminoglycoside dosing and administration
  • Monitoring aminoglycoside plasma concentrations
  • Clinical monitoring for aminoglycoside toxicity
  • Aminoglycoside use in special patient groups
Vancomycin use in adults
  • Principles of vancomycin use in adults
  • Vancomycin administration advice
  • Approach to vancomycin dosing and monitoring in adults
  • Vancomycin dosing in adults
  • Vancomycin monitoring and dosage adjustment in adults
  • Vancomycin dosing, monitoring and dosage adjustment in adults undergoing dialysis (new topic)
Vancomycin use in young infants and children
  • Principles of vancomycin use in young infants and children (new topic)
  • Intermittent vancomycin dosing in young infants and children (new topic)
  • Vancomycin continuous infusion dosing in young infants and children (new topic)
  • Vancomycin monitoring and dosage adjustment in young infants and children (new topic)
Monitoring antimicrobial blood concentrations

Ambulatory antimicrobial therapy

Antimicrobial hypersensitivity
  • Overview and definition of antimicrobial hypersensitivity
  • Principles of assessing patients reporting antimicrobial hypersensitivity
  • Principles of antimicrobial desensitisation
  • Penicillin hypersensitivity
  • Trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole hypersensitivity in adults
Kidney impairment and antimicrobial dosing
  • Principles of antimicrobial dosing in kidney impairment
  • Antimicrobial dosage modification in kidney impairment
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